How to get started with sustainable packaging

One area that's increasingly catching the attention of entrepreneurs is sustainable packaging. The demand for eco-friendly packaging is rising, driven by consumers who want to support businesses that care about the environment. A global survey of more than 9,000 consumers found that 82% of them would be willing to pay more for sustainable packaging. 

But what exactly is sustainable packaging, and how can it benefit your business? 

What is sustainable packaging?

Sustainable packaging is a broad term that encompasses packaging solutions designed to minimize environmental impact. More than just using recycled materials or opting for biodegradable options, it’s about the entire lifecycle of the packaging—from production to disposal.

"Many people think sustainable packaging is straightforward, but it's a complex topic," explains Jennifer Appleby Vines, CEO of Georgette Packaging, a packaging expert with more than a decade of experience in the industry. "The word ‘sustainable’ has become a buzzword, and while it’s encouraging that people are paying attention, it’s crucial to understand what it really means." 

Key features of sustainable packaging

The following are key features of sustainable packaging:

Using renewable materials

Sustainable packing tends to use materials that can be replenished naturally, avoiding fossil fuel-based materials like plastics. Renewable materials can be paper from sustainably managed forests or even made from other natural sources like sugarcane pulp.

Sustainable manufacturing

Sustainable packaging adopts processes that minimize energy consumption and reduce emissions during packaging production. By prioritizing energy-efficient materials and streamlined logistics, you can lower greenhouse gas emissions and contribute to a more sustainable and cost-effective supply chain.

Reducing the quantity of materials used

Sustainable packaging will aim to optimize the size and weight of packaging to use fewer resources and reduce waste. Reducing the weight and size of packaging can optimize transportation, therefore leading to cost reductions and lower carbon emissions associated with transport.

End-of-life considerations

Considering what happens to packaging when it can no longer be used or repurposed is crucial for reducing environmental impact. By designing packaging that can be easily composted, recycled or reused—and accounting for disposal processing capabilities of local and regional municipalities—you ensure that your products contribute to a circular economy. 

Ethical sourcing

Ethical sourcing is a critical component of building a responsible supply chain. By selecting packaging components or materials that are certified by reputable certification organizations you ensure that your products meet rigorous environmental and social standards.

For example, choosing Forest Stewardship Council (FSC)-certified paper demonstrates your commitment to supporting the sustainable management of the world’s forests, safeguarding ecosystems and promoting fair labour practices. This not only strengthens your supply chain but also aligns your business with global sustainability goals.

How to get started with sustainable packaging

If you're new to sustainable packaging, Appleby Vines suggests that you start small by evaluating your current packaging needs.

A first step is to identify areas where you can make the most impact. For example, if you're using excessive packaging materials, consider how you could reduce the amount used in your operations and research how others in your industry with similar products approach their packaging needs.

Partnering with a reputable supplier is crucial. "Do your due diligence and make sure you're dealing with a company that has integrity and is committed to sustainability," advises Appleby Vines. “Learn more about the company’s practices and how they back up these claims.”

Respond to consumer demand

Adopting sustainable packaging can help you meet the demands of today's consumers. "Customers, especially Millennials and Gen Z, are increasingly looking to spend their money with businesses that align with their values," notes Appleby Vines.

A 2023 survey of Canadians conducted by BDC found that 49% of consumers believe that companies must reduce their environmental impact, even if it means charging higher prices. This percentage increased to 56% for Zoomers, people born between 1997 and 2005. Sustainable packaging can enhance your brand image, making you more appealing to these eco-conscious consumers.

Nevertheless, it’s important to stay aware of consumer expectations and communicate the change when moving toward sustainable packaging.

Appleby Vines recounts that when one of her clients, a bread wholesaler, decided to shift from plastic to paper bags. They faced a significant challenge: their customers were accustomed to seeing the bread through the clear plastic. The switch was driven by a desire to reduce single-use plastics and align with their sustainability goals, but the wholesaler was concerned about how their customers would react.

"Our advice to them was simple," recalls Appleby Vines. "Tell the story: use that blank canvas on the paper bags to explain why you made the change and why it matters."

By clearly communicating the reasons behind the switch—whether through packaging, in-store signage or social media—the company educated their customers and strengthened their brand's commitment to sustainability. Telling your clients what you're doing and why you're doing it highlights the importance of transparency in making sustainable choices.

Best practices in sustainable packaging

When it comes to sustainable packaging, less is more. Reducing the quantity of packaging material not only lowers costs but also the environmental impact. Excessive packaging is a common pitfall, and cutting back can be a simple yet effective first step.

The type of material you use is another critical consideration. Options range from paper and cardboard, to glass, aluminum and bamboo. Every material has its strengths and weaknesses and should be carefully assessed based on your product’s requirements—from shipping and usage to final disposal.

Recyclable vs. sustainable

While all recyclable packaging is not necessarily sustainable, it is a good starting point. Aluminum, for instance, can be recycled indefinitely without losing its quality, making it one of the more sustainable materials.

Reusable packaging

Reusable packaging, such as glass containers, eliminates the need to recycle or manufacture a single-use package. This lowers energy and water use, while lowering the amount of waste produced. However, the container actually needs to be reused multiple times before there is an environmental benefit, and it can be complicated to create a reuse program.

Biodegradable packaging

This refers to materials that break down naturally over time. However, not all biodegradable products are created equal, and the term itself can be misleading. It’s essential to ensure that these materials will degrade within a reasonable time frame and under the right conditions. Materials like paper, cardboard and bamboo are biodegradable, though their sustainability will vary.

Compostable packaging

This is a more defined category. Compostable materials are designed to break down in composting environments, contributing to soil health. Many new bio-based plastics are being developed to replace conventional plastic packaging. However, it’s important to check whether your local waste management facilities can handle these materials as they are often not designed to degrade in natural composting conditions.

When choosing sustainable materials, also consider the end-of-life of the packaging and if they can be reused, recycled or composted easily. Materials like FSC-certified paper and cardboard are good options because they are renewable and have a lower environmental impact. Bamboo is another promising option, though its sustainability can vary depending on local processing capabilities.

Is sustainable packaging more expensive?

While sustainable packaging can be slightly more costly—about 15% or more in some cases according to Appleby Vines—prices are gradually coming down as demand increases. Moreover, the investment can pay off by attracting more customers who are willing to pay a premium for products that align with their values. It can also reduce waste management costs and improve your brand’s reputation overall.

Sustainable packaging solutions across industries

Sustainable packaging can be adapted to almost any industry. However, it's particularly crucial in the food and beverage sector due to the sheer volume of packaging used. As more people opt for takeout and delivery, the need for eco-friendly packaging solutions has skyrocketed.

According to the 2024 Restaurant & Alcohol Online Ordering Trends Report, “Around one in five Canadian consumers reports ordering more takeout and delivery compared to 2023.”

An increasing number of restaurants, for example, are opting for containers made from plant-based plastics, recycled paper and carboard, or aluminum when selling takeout.

It’s important to note, however, that sustainable packaging isn’t limited to food: the cosmetics, electronics and fashion industries can all benefit from adopting greener packaging solutions. Various sustainable packaging solutions are now available for businesses in these industries.

Example of sustainable packaging in the cosmetics industry

Zorah Biocosmétiques founder, Mélissa Harvey, balances skincare with care for the planet. This commitment is demonstrated through her approach to packaging. 

Harvey uses a local, independent Quebec printer, the company’s cardboard display cases and boxes are FSC certified and shipped boxes are made of 70% recyclable fiber. Marketing materials are printed on recycled paper and printed with vegetable inks. For plastics, PEG or PETG or glass is used, as well as biodegradable styrofoam.

“Recyclable packaging is harder to find, but it’s possible,” says Harvey. “It is more expensive, but not that much more expensive. I decided it’s worth the pain.” Overall, 90% of the company’s packaging suppliers are in Canada.

Elevate your business with sustainable choices

By adopting eco-friendly packaging solutions, you can reduce your environmental impact, meet consumer demand and strengthen your brand. Start small, choose the right partners and don't forget to communicate your efforts to your customers. With thoughtful implementation, sustainable packaging can be a strategic way to grow your consumer base while caring for the environment.